LED plant lighting applied to the future farm

Pink greenhouse is expected to make everyone eat

Crops are not just need LED grow light irradiation, we have to consider the LED grow light energy efficiency, efficient provision of crop growth in the process of light and temperature environment.

Different plants of different wavelengths, different colors of light, the reaction is not the same. For example, grapes need a longer sunshine time, LED lights in the red wavelength is a little more.

But strawberries need a large temperature difference, high heat, sunshine time is shorter, the proportion of Blu-ray is necessary to increase. According to the needs of different crops and growth environment to deploy the design, which also allows the technical threshold of light plants continue to increase.

The United States, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries of the rapid rise of the “pink greenhouse” is also an example.

Pink refers to the greenhouse pink light, is a combination of blue, red LED lights reflect each other after the two results.

Pink LED lights can not only improve the plant’s absorption of light, in the ideal lighting, temperature, humidity environment, plant growth rate can be increased by 20%, water consumption is also reduced by 90%.

But the price of pink greenhouse, but not too romantic. Although the next five years, LED prices may fall to 50%, but the overall cost of the greenhouse is still high.

Why should we actively create greenhouse farms?

FAO, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, estimates that by 2050 the global population will reach 9.6 billion, an increase of more than 33 per cent.

But now there are still 2 billion people worldwide malnutrition. Want everyone to have food to eat, the global grain output must increase.

Unpredictable climate change, land, water supply is limited. Want to improve food production, you have to be prepared to go down the mountain to build a new farm.

We are entering agriculture 3.0 times. Through labor-intensive 1.0, machinery and fertilizer-led 2.0 times, agriculture 3.0 will be sensing, cloud, Internet of things such as technology-led stage. With the sensing technology, satellite images to monitor, data analysis of water, fertilizer consumption, are the future development trend of agriculture.

The emphasis is not on industrialization, but on improving productivity, sustainability and quality. The concept of vertical farms, which Dickson Despommier, a professor of public health at Columbia University put forward ten years ago, is also one of the solutions.

Vertical farms, is to use technology to create vertical overlap of agricultural greenhouse, save the crop production process need to consume land, water and fertilizer and other resources.

Ten years later, Japan has hundreds of vertical farms, the United States, Singapore, South Korea, Sweden and the Netherlands skyscrapers, you can also see the shadow of the vertical farm.

The Daily Maintenance of Fish Tanks

Aquarium is a huge ecological environment, to maintain the stability of the ecological environment, the owner must put the fish tank maintenance work in place, the so-called maintenance is the owner to regularly check the aquarium water environment, do a good job changing the water and clean up the work, and These tasks can be performed on a daily and weekly basis.

First, the daily maintenance:

1, the water level, it is necessary to timely replenish the water evaporated to maintain the original water level;

2, check the configuration of equipment is functioning properly;

3, feeding 2 times, and protect the 8-10 hours of light exposure.

4, to maintain the appropriate temperature required by the fish, check the health status of the fish, mainly to see the fish there is no sick state.

Second, every 1-2 weeks maintenance:

1, to change the water once, but not the whole change, only need to change 20% -25% of the water;

2, clean up from the nitrogen collected from the waste;

3, the replacement of eco-cotton filter;

4, after changing the water, it is necessary to promptly add seawater.

Third, the fish tank maintenance: changing the water

When the aquarium is used for too long, the sea water will be metamorphic. In order to ensure the clean water, we must change the time to the fish tank, and change the water when not all of the water is changed, each time changing the water when you can only replace the 10 percent. When changing the water, use the tube slowly into the fish tank, so that the fish can not adapt to the sudden change of water and death.

5, fish tank maintenance: circulating water

As the nitrifying bacteria in the tank in the process of nitrification, the need to consume very high oxygen, so how in the water cycle process, the full of oxygen and water to be decomposed organic matter into the average filter material, so that nitrification Bacteria effectively decompose it is completed, is an important consideration for the design cycle of water flow. Therefore, most of the aquarium is the use of circulating water to break down the principle of organic matter.

The use of led aquarium light to the tank proper lighting can promote the growth of aquatic organisms, inhibit bacterial growth, is conducive to better survival of fish.

5 Small Details Need Attention when go to Nail Salon

Foot pedicure salon to do or need to use non-disposable beauty tool if the tools have not reached the required health standards, it is easy to cause a variety of fungal infections. You must choose a clean operating room in general was like nail shop (foot shop also), nail file, scissors and other tools must be one person, one sterilized and sealed in the presence of guests apart. For security reasons, we have told you five small details make the nail more secure.

Bring your own tools, and many are beginning to take more measures to Sharon’s health, it is recommended that you bring your own nail pedicure tools. Including nail clippers, led nail lamp, nail file, nail clippers, go barb cut, the most important is filing toenails, but this whole salon dirtiest tool that you can not imagine clean.

Go early Nail Salon, time to pick a little earlier, this will be relatively clean and safe. On the same day there will be many people in the same basin feet, the sooner to the relatively small exposure to others may legacy of bacteria. In addition, those nail salon in great bargain period is also recommended to avoid, business is more popular means of disinfection effect of greatly reduced, resulting in the greater your chances of bacterial infection.

24 hours before the foot shave their legs, because just off too hairy skin is more likely to be infected, not to mention hair removal improper prone wounds, so 24 hours before pedicures or manicures do not go to the leg hair.

Be careful to go hard cocoon, cut foot calluses be careful, this is very dangerous, because to make a very deep young skin exposed, manicurists easy to grasp the intensity and pruning too bad. The best way to avoid such a situation is to buy a Foot stone bath every day when their own polished look, they will not allowed to develop into thick hard cocoon.

After pedicure wearing his shoes, put on his shoes after completing the foot, for greater security, after returning home I remember the first thing is feet.

Choose what color of LED Aquarium Light

LED Aquarium light can be any color, lighting is not much impact on the fish, only some unstable color fish itself easily fade in bright light, such as some black goldfish, buy a timer control in this case switch can be. Also light colored, the color of the fish itself will be distorted, personally I think that is not conducive to appreciate, white general election as well.

As for the bactericidal function, it is ultraviolet light, ultraviolet light itself is invisible to the human eye, can not be used for lighting, open up to 30 minutes to remove fish and people want to leave, or will be harmed. It is generally confined to the filtration device fitted inside.

Aquarium lights utilize the relationship between light and biological make light issued by promoting the growth of plants planted in the aquarium, because carbohydrates (sugars) produced by photosynthesis is oxygen feed plants of livelihood. Light also precipitated dye fish body growth and absorption of vitamin D and has absolute relationship. Therefore, the rational use of aquarium light, is an important condition for the creation of the ecological environment of aquatic habitat. Plant lamps are the following categories:

A, full spectrum lamp

This type of lamp light color is closer to the sun, the color of up to 90, color temperature of 6500K, for plants, marine organisms vivid colors and is very close to the sun, and in accordance with plant growth spectral absorption curve, fully meet the higher plants light physiological needs.

B, plant lamp

This type of lamp spectrum main focus in the blue area and the red light district, the scientists found that the value of each of these two wavelengths of energy, very close to the plant photosynthesis efficiency curves (efficiency for green plants is significant) is the best source of plant growth .

C, strong photosynthetic lamp

Plants of this type of lamp type lamp brightness strengthened, but red and blue area in the spectral distribution of the lamp and plant in red and blue spectral distribution swap area, the amount of light than the Chung plant lamp high light light blue color cast, plants belonging to the class of the lamp brightness to strengthen lamp type.

D, Software lamp

This type of lamp is dedicated to marine biological cylinder stimulate symbiotic algae growth, with dreamy blue light irradiation molluscs, simulate a natural deep-sea moonlight 6–10m environment, providing essential nutrients biological source software, and stimulate symbiotic the growth of algae, sea creatures is an essential source.

In short choose what kind of lamp has to look at your aquarium raised which animals and plants, according to this selection.

Evaluation of the Basic Skills of LED Aquarium Light

Evaluation of the Basic Skills of LED Aquarium Light

1) Make sure that no strange blue, not yellow shadows under the live rock and coral.

2) seek a soft glow, not unexpected fluorescence.

3) to natural light, such as sunlight, it does not look artificial, not like some LED and T5 as looks cold.

4) Some LED narrow spectrum, the lack of blue, purple and red, but green ones. See coral color aquarists are using this how a glance.

5) CRI (color rendering index) is higher, the fish and coral to look natural, the sand is white, rather than blue.

6) The best look spectrograph data, if the yellow and green accounted for a large part, they are not obvious to the coral. The wavelength range for the home and office as illumination. Green and yellow light stimulates zooxanthellae blooms, algae breeding, PUR will reduce the peak value.

7) lamp bead board (pegboard) design is flawed, such as the burning point of light is too strong or chromatography missing the point. Multicolor synthesis chip is uniform, but also the most effective.

8) with a 40 degree lens when some manufacturers test to improve test value, but the actual use when the lens is more than 70 degrees.

9) Some lamp beads spectrum above 50% are blue, its PAR value may be inaccurate.

10) Consider lighthouse aesthetics. Some designs are redundant, but also pay more for this.

11) when compared to the white bulb, LED as good as metal halide lamp, the advantages of LED in blue and purple. As a 7000k 7000k LED lights as effective as metal halide.

12) Select a research and development and marketing capabilities of firms, rather than piece together parts everywhere assembly processing units.

13) see who chose your favorite products. Is a battle-hardened old friends or new fish hobbyists.

14) to verify the manufacturer’s image. The actual color is often not as good.

15) Choose scalable set, LED light source and cross flow bead technology are in constant progress.

Ornamental Fish Common Diseases Classification

Ornamental fish live in the superior long-term environment, a small farming area, strict requirements for water quality management, meticulous, especially tropical fish, spoiled, living in the optimum temperature environment, the smaller the amount of foraging activity by the external climate, feeding conditions change less interference, it is less resistance to disease. Currently common diseases of ornamental fish into the following two categories:

Microbial fish: mainly by viruses, fungi, bacteria and unicellular algae and other microorganisms invade and cause disease. Such diseases large acute disease spread fast, high morbidity and mortality, there is a strong infectious, and difficult to control. Fish disease caused by a parasite called parasites of fish, which is characterized by generally slower onset and spread, lower morbidity and mortality, combating easier.

Abiotic fish: mainly composed of water environment of mechanical, physical, chemical and other non-biological factors or fish physiological dysfunction of the body’s metabolic disorders or dysfunction caused by caused by fish. Such kinds of fish, great harm, but also covers a wider. Just strengthen management, preventive measures, such fish can be avoided.

LED aquarium light can simulate a variety of natural environments, can reduce the incidence of the disease.

Marine Ornamental Fish Choosing Tips

1, choose lively, when not injured fish buy fish to buy the action lively and spirited fish, not to vote hiding in the corner of the fish. To view the fish have no injuries, in particular, view the tail fin and spine is broken, if only the tip fins minor injuries no relationship.

2, healthy fish to fish health. Tour posture, movement, color, markings, etc., how to distinguish good and bad, on fish early entry often more difficult. Usually fish should pay attention to the election the following aspects: ① lean fish do not buy. Because the fish from the front, we can clearly see the back of the meat whether the lack of a healthy sheen, usually we have to choose bouncing back and shiny fish. ② sick fish do not buy. White spot disease can be seen, other eye disease is hard to see, which only experience as identified by the fish. Such as rapid breathing fish hiding in the corner, it is likely to be suffering from giardiasis oval, so the fish do not buy. ③ fish color is not good, can not expand fins, swim floats in a posture like fish, do not buy. ④ first observed case of bait fish before buying. Similar fish, I rushed over to see the bait fish, a good appetite, it must be healthy, strong vitality of the fish.

3, do not buy too big or too small fish body shape too much fish, often not easy to adapt to changes in the new environment, often refused to eat, such as bait unsuccessful, will die. Fish figure is too small, weak constitutions vulnerable to the disease died.

4, with the following exception Su conditions can not buy fish swim unnatural posture. Stay in unnatural places. Impatient swimming. Floating in the water, lips moving to breathe. While leaving the group alone. Slow, lagging behind the group. Back and abdomen weight loss. Abnormal abdominal swelling. Shortness of breath.

5, early rearing fish should be selected easy to raise sea fish, fish farming is difficult not to vote generally easier feeding fish are the following: the word butterfly. Shadow spider, butterfly net, Three news flounder, red clown, sun butterfly, red lightning. Three birds, zebra butterfly, strawberry, off knives. More difficult to keep the varieties are: four rocket, melon butterflies. Huang bride, bride black back yellow belly, the Blue Line butterfly, four butterfly, fairy saddle, gold butterflies, butterfly eight lines, rock beauty, the emperor gods and the like.

Cultured marine ornamental fish are generally also need to be prepared led aquarium light, not only can make the aquarium more beautiful, but also can simulate a variety of natural environment for the growth of the fish better.

Matters You Need to Know Before Marine Ornamental Fish Breeding

Most people refer marine ornamental fish, the first reaction is, “marine fish is very beautiful, but it is difficult to raise.” In fact, this is a misconception; the long-term study of foreign experts, has overcome the bottleneck of feeding. Because marine ornamental fish of bright colors, a wide variety of fish has to become the new darling of fans. But also because of improved equipment, the study of artificial seawater, so the family mini reef is the latest fashion trends at home and abroad at present. The so-called “mini-home reef” is the home aquarium imaging natural coral culture as ecology, through artificial help, continue to create its natural food chain, and makes aquarium creatures (fish, mollusks and plants etc.) is like living in a natural coral reef.

1 mini reef conditions should

A successful mini-reef aquarium should have the conditions are: equipment, coral (known as bio-stone), coral sand, water, healthy fish, molluscs and keepers love and patience, indispensable, and a causal relationship. On devices, in addition to the aquarium, in general, also include led aquarium light, pumping motors, filters, pumps and other, more advanced “mini reef” devices, you should also have biochemical filter (tank), a protein remover, nitric acid salt eliminator, ultraviolet light disinfection, ozone machines. But also because Shanghai is located in subtropical regions, the water temperature in the summer and fall aquarium often around 28 degrees Celsius, even as high as 32 degrees, while in winter the water temperature is often below 10 degrees, in this case, most of the mollusks and plants They will die. To maintain optimum aquarium water temperature, and the other for an additional set of insulation equipment, in order to maintain the aquarium water temperature, keeping it between Celsius 24O ~ 26O. In order to avoid damage to the ecological environment inside the aquarium, as far as possible to avoid turning the aquarium. However, the market of traditional upper filter unit is concerned, is simply a dream, because in the bottom of the aquarium water filter disc (commonly known as corrugated sheet) under deposited dirt (excrement and food residues …… etc.) can not be made pumping out of the motor; thus the deposition of dirt, water and chemical effects produced in the decay, thus destabilizing the water quality, it must be cleaned every period of time, this way you destroy the entire aquarium ecology. I believe that most of the fish fans have such experience, that is, each time after cleaning the aquarium, the fish always find something wrong or death.

The latest equipment, but the full set of equipment placed in lockers at the bottom of the aquarium, holes in the bottom of the aquarium, directly under the filter plate deposition of dirt is pumped into the bottom of the filter, and then pasteurized, plus (down ) isothermal program will cleaned water into the aquarium; a month just to swap part of the new water, without having to move any of the things inside the aquarium, namely the so-called “bottom of the filter” abroad called “living systems.” The test is currently abroad have a 20-year record of not turning the aquarium, the aquarium environment, full of coral reefs and underwater. The bottom of the filter of the aquarium, in appearance not see any equipment or fittings, on the whole, the landscape can be compared with the non-traditional.

2, the choice of the importance of bottom sand

In an aquarium coral sand, living in a very important position, it is not just decoration only, it also has a “biological filter” function. Most people think that the bottom of the aquarium established the “bottom sand” whiter the rules, the better to see, in fact, is a misconception, as many white coral sand is bleached, and small coral sand will affect the filtering effect, so that the aquarium box in the dirt accumulated in the bottom sand. Because it is too small, therefore, their own lack of sand capillary pores, can not train a large number of “nitrifying bacteria”, and makes aquarium toxic substances can not be completely biodegradable, aquatic animals, is harmful, so use a large coral sand bottom sand. Coral, also known as “bio-stone”, is an aquarium landscaping indispensable. Biological stone used, preferably directly after collection from the sea into the aquarium immediately; because the sea creatures of stone, growth of many algae and other organisms, many of which are fish food; also attached to a lot of nitrifying bacteria, for water quality has a great stability.

But this “activation” stone creatures difficult to obtain, usually replaced by the current market sales of the treated stone creatures. After the buy back, first with tap water and soak for 3-4 days to sun exposure, as soon as it dried before use; but this is biological stone processed “dead” in the aquarium must go through a long period of culture to the surface and across the green algae “regeneration.”

To make this point specifically stated: Most people arranged aquarium, prefer white coral decorations, matched with white sand bottom formations and, of course, looks very eye-catching, beautiful, but this is very wrong concept, because “algae” in an aquarium is absolutely indispensable; how can one even algae can not grow aquarium, fish how to survive? Many foreign aquarium, biological stone covered with green algae, during which further growth of many plants a foot long, with fluctuations in water flow, like a natural reef, this landscape a blessing for the former can be compared .

3, sea fish contains only the essential trace element

Saltwater fish, of course, necessarily, “sea”, and natural water course, the most suitable for farming, but due to environmental pollution, the use of self seaside absorb water, not the most appropriate approach, and to extract the oceanic depths of the sea, and these draw water from the sea, many steps must be treated before use. First sea container storage must not use metal containers, because these metal ions dissolved in water, and harm the health of the aquarium. Second, we must be stored in sealed areas that are not sun exposure after after about a month’s time, it will sink to the bottom of the container filter out the dirt, then by irradiation of ultraviolet light disinfection, before being placed in the aquarium. These procedures are not everyone can do, and in the inland areas, the problem is even more; therefore the use of “artificial seawater” was the most convenient way to pass. As a result of long-term studies, have created the closest natural seawater “artificial sea”, simply follow the instructions on the package, was dissolved in a certain proportion of water can be. Best of artificial seawater, natural seawater should have included all the “main elements” minor elements “and” trace elements “The main elements of sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sulfur, chlorine, etc; Secondary elements are It contains bismuth carbide, silicon, iodine, lithium, fluorine, molybdenum, phosphorus, strontium, and the like; these elements can make sea creatures to live long, healthy, and to maintain the original natural ocean color, disease prevention and increased breeding opportunity, which have great help, while nearly seven ten kinds of trace elements, the metabolism and water quality for marine organisms, are of great help.

LED lighting plant herbs

Agastache thrive under the irradiation of LED grow lights. Planting base with LED light to plant herbs, successfully bred Anoectochilus, Dendrobium, Agastache and other seedlings.

Into the greenhouse cultivation base, the hob installed rows of LED lamps. Red, blue LED lights, exudes a soft light, under herbs seedlings growing well. Plant growth requires photosynthesis, in a relatively confined space, the plant was able to vigorous growth, with these red, blue LED lamp has a close relationship. Blue chlorophyll synthesis, and promote more obvious effects, red light promote flowering and maturity, including synthetic conversion of sugar.

It is understood that the plant photosynthesis needs light wavelength of 400-700 nm, within the wavelength range of red light and blue light, which can promote the study of plant production base of LED lights, invested over 20 million yuan to build a greenhouse for growing herbs seedlings.

‘Planting spectrum’ may promote the growth of seedlings, seedlings can inhibit some of the hazardous effects of bacteria, pests, avoid pesticide. Rugosa seed cultivation as required in the field for four months, and by planting spectrum just twenty days to complete seed cultivation. Because seedling planting cycles, pests and diseases can be isolated from a higher survival rate of seedlings, higher earnings. In Anoectochilus for example, such as in the field planting, lodging rate of 30% -40%, while the spectrum through planting, lodging rate is only about 10%. Currently, the base has been successfully bred by spectrum planting Anoectochilus, Dendrobium, Agastache and other seedlings, planting and application in the field.

Entering the LED plants lighting industry should know six basic points

LED lighting can be widely used in the plant tissue culture, the production of leafy vegetables, greenhouse fill light, plant plants, plant breeding, cultivation of medicinal plants, edible plants, algae culture, plant protection, space fruits and vegetables, flowers planted, drive to kill mosquitoes and other field, planting out of fruits and vegetables, flowers, herbs and other plants to meet military border posts, alpine regions, lack of water and electricity resources required area, home office gardening, marine space personnel, and other regions or specific patient populations.

Currently on the market has developed and produced a number of LED plant lighting devices, such as LED grow lights, plant growth chambers, house plant grow lamp with LED, drive to kill mosquito lights. Wherein the LED Grow Light common morphology bulbs, lights, panel lights, lights, downlights, light grid and so on.

The following are entering the LED plants lighting industry should know six basic points.

First, LED plant lighting market demand so much, if you want to enter the greatest difficulty in what?

LED lighting plant is a product of biology, facility horticulture, vegetable, plant physiology, plant nutrition, bio-environmental engineering, LED lighting, intelligent control technology, interdisciplinary and organic development. So only good at semiconductor plants, one or both of the intelligent system are fully cross-collaboration is critical enough and research applications. The most difficult plants to enter the LED lighting market is to develop the production yield and quality of plant ecology LED light source or luminaire, we need to solve the intelligent control of light environment, plant photobiology, LED semiconductor technology issues and how to integrate the three integral development.

Second, the plant photobiology What does it mean?

Plant photobiology law is an important basis for LED lighting plant, including the number of properties under light conditions (light intensity and photoperiod), mass properties (light quality and spectral), electric light emission characteristics (duty cycle, frequency) and so on. Plant photobiology with high complexity and systemic. Light quality refers to the biological role of the type of light quality, including visible light, UV and far-red light. Light quality biology, we need to figure out the following issues: first, light quality biological function, a single light quality and research complex light quality on plant growth, yield and quality and impact of physiological metabolism, molecular biology and proteomics Mechanism ; second, between plant species and varieties of light quality and adaptability to exploit differences in the mechanism; third, light quality interactions with other environmental factors of biological mechanisms; fourth, the number of properties of light quality lighting facilities effective threshold and the reference value. In addition, a clear low-light stress biology light quality, light and response mechanism photosynthetic apparatus under continuous light operating efficiency also needed.

Third, why light recipe different companies the same plant will be different?

The establishment of various plant growth and development, quality and high yield the desired formulation development based LED lighting plant lighting industry. Light recipe is a high yield and quality as the goal, according to the characteristics of plant species and varieties of light quality growth parameter types and number of attributes required for each stage set. Each plant and different growth stages optimum lighting recipe is different. Why different companies for the same plant light formula will be different, even a big difference? The main goal of plant growth and business have a certain relationship. Simply put, companies according to market demand and their own development needs, can reduce the requirements and only need more than the growth of plants minimum light formula needs other environment on biological growth also relaxed the requirements of the case, not only the light recipes are not the same, for environmental control system will be very different. Instead, companies can also be critical, as far as possible to create the best environment for the growth of plants and conditions, such as research and development of light like a recipe. Future have been put forward with LED lighting plant China’s relevant standards and requirements, light recipe speak progressive unification or consistent basic conditions.

Fourth, LED plant growth light source and lighting research and development production requires attention to what principles?

LED Grow light lamps lighting plant is the core LED industry, companies need to develop formulations according to the light required for plant growth light lamps. Pay attention to the following four principles: First, high energy efficiency principles, formulate a reasonable degree of spectral components increase the maximum luminous efficiency LED light source, the light source and reduce the distance between the irradiated plants, reducing light loss and improve energy efficiency; second , low-cost principle, the cost is one of the most important factors that determine plant LED lighting industrial development; third, the principle of ecological security, in red and blue spectrum, a slight increase or a small amount of a green component to increase the visual health; the fourth priority the development of high value-added plant dedicated LED light lamps.

Fifth, what plants light control is the environment, including what?

Light environment control based on quality and high yield as the goal, the production plant factory system cultivated plant species and varieties grown each stage light formula is based on direct control of environmental parameters and switching of light through the computer’s time and space management. For example, greenhouse fill light to consider natural light diurnal variation of parameters, environmental parameters, plant photosynthetic parameters, plant growth stage and lighting properties, to implement cost-effective fill light approaches to meet the light intensity, light quality, photoperiod demand, energy efficient. Plant light environment control mainly refers to control LED lamps light quality, light intensity, photoperiod, spatial location and rate of movement and so on. Light environment control has obvious spatial and temporal characteristics, thus establishing a dynamic real-time control is very important to realize LED lighting light plant environmental control automation and intelligence is the trend.

Sixth, LED grow lighting design focuses on which indicators and performance?

LED plant lighting designers need to focus on the following indicators and performance: 1, illumination uniformity; 2, light quality group with rationality; 3, heat reliability; 4, LED power chip suitability; 5, light-emitting surface the efficiency; 6, visual comfort.